🪴 Peter Garden

Recent Writing

1735254230-arch-linux

15 min read

arch-linux

openssh

Top 20 OpenSSH Server Best Security Practices - nixCraft

My 10 Linux and UNIX Command Line Mistakes - nixCraft

atuinsh/atuin: ✨ Magical shell history

Wayland

wayland hypr

windowrulev2 = opacity 1 override 1 override 1 override,class:^(.*)$

  • this disable blur effect

yay + pacman - reflector —country Canada —fastest 10 —threads 8 —save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist systemctl + ip + networkctl

sudo netstat -tunapl

  • check which one is keep using my network (AU) Wayland Diagnose Detect GTKIM_MODULE being set and Kayland Tnput method frontend is marking. It is recossended to unset GTK_TH MODULE and use Wayland input method P —

For more details see https://fcitx-im.ong/miki/ Using_Feitu_5_on Hayland

hchunhui/librime-lua: Extending RIME with Lua scripts

  • extend rime lua
  • oh my rime
  • ibus

【心得】Steam Deck 桌面模式下安裝速成輸入法 @Steam 綜合討論板 哈啦板 - 巴哈姆特 rime/rime-cantonese: Rime Cantonese input schema | 粵語拼音輸入方案 sudo pacman -S fcitx5 fcitx5-qt fcitx5-gtk fcitx5-rime fcitx5-configtool

Installing Arch Linux with Full Disk Encryption (LVM on LUKS) Arch Linux Post-Installation Configuration | ejmastnak

systemctl enable fstrim.timr

hyprshade on blue-light-filter

kvm, qmenu

grub + sddm + plasm + desktop path

wayland default app setting haven’t setup

- anki env
    QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland
    ANKI_WAYLAND=1
- install qt6-wayland
-

hyde cli → theme (learned about kitty),script and config - some got the optimization setting , for gaming and library

pacman/Tips and tricks - ArchWiki

alias tl=“tldr —list | fzf —preview ‘tldr {} —color always’ | xargs tldr”

default file manager

xdg-mime query default inode/directory

  • xdg-mime default org.gnome.Nautilus.desktop inode/directory

dragon-drop

Image

nsxiv sxiv imv (better in Wayland)

using pkill fzf name

Wiki for leanring

Category:Software - Gentoo wiki

filiparag/wikiman: Wikiman is an offline search engine for manual pages, Arch Wiki, Gentoo Wiki and other documentation.

  • offline wiki for arch linux terminal

utility for browsering

  • Bat
  • bat extra
  • batpipe and batgrep
  • batdiff

delta → git diff

ouch → extract and compress

plasma-desktop-branding/applications/kde-mimeapps.list at master · solus-project/plasma-desktop-branding

Rsync

  • backup
  • ssh
  • network backup

rsnapshot/rsnapshot: a tool for backing up your data using rsync (if you want to get help, use https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/rsnapshot-discuss)

rsync -avz source destination

2024-07-01

rclone

rclone move -v —drive-chunk-size 128M —fast-list —checkers 256 —progress —transfers (how many files uploading at the same time)

rclone move -v —drive-upload-cutoff 10G —drive-chunk-size 128M —progress done/ pcloud:backup/jp/2024-01-02damn && poweroff

—multi-thread-cutoff 5G

transfers and checkers ⇒ for long list of files

pgrep -a → show what is the command line of that command

fc → previous

Finding which port is being Used

Verify if any other service is using port 873:

sudo lsof -i :873

Useful tmux

tmuxinator/tmuxinator: Manage complex tmux sessions easily tmuxp - ArchWiki

greymd/tmux-xpanes: Awesome tmux-based terminal divider

  • ssh

Read The Tao of tmux | Leanpub Practical Tmux — mutelight.org

Vmware setup

After the first installation, please:

  1. install the appropriate headers package(s) for your installed kernel(s): linux-headers for default kernel, linux-lts-headers for LTS kernel…

  2. reboot or load vmw_vmci and vmmon kernel modules (modprobe -a vmw_vmci vmmon)

  3. Enable the services you need (using .service units to activate them during boot or .path units to activate them when a VM is started) :

    vmware-networks: to have network access inside VMs

    vmware-usbarbitrator: to connect USB devices inside VMs

keneral load : intel_iommu=on iommu=pt

QEMU-KVM Installation for Arch Linux

  • clear github guilde line for arch linux

there is two usage for libvirt libvirt: Libvirt Daemons

Performance Tuning Guide | Red Hat Product Documentation

  • performance tuning guide

linux/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c at master · torvalds/linux

arch-linux-qemu

Screenshot to text

Easy OCR · Issue #1344 · flameshot-org/flameshot

  • flameshot gui —raw | convert -resize 400% png:- png:- | tesseract -l eng stdin stdout | wl-copy
grim -g "$(slurp)" - | tesseract -l eng stdin stdout | wl-copy

optimize size and copy to my wl-copy

#!/usr/bin/env sh
grim -g "$(slurp)" - | pngquant --quality=65-80 - | wl-copy -t image/png

optimize active window screenshot to png to wl-copy

 
#!/usr/bin/env sh
hyprshot -m window -m active -r - | pngquant --quality=65-80  - | wl-copy -t image/png

Hyprshot/hyprshot at main · Gustash/Hyprshot

  • should study hyprshot → it is just a script for hyprland

2025-01-26

shaka-project/shaka-packager: A media packaging and development framework for VOD and Live DASH and HLS applications, supporting Common Encryption for Widevine and other DRM Systems.

  • Cracking drm

udemy backup

Puyodead1/udemy-downloader: A Udemy downloader that can download courses, with DRM support.

Docker

qdm12/gluetun: VPN client in a thin Docker container for multiple VPN providers, written in Go, and using OpenVPN or Wireguard, DNS over TLS, with a few proxy servers built-in.

  • vpn docker

some key to stop the gui

ctrl + alt +f11 → put gui to sleep alt +f1-f7 to bring back the gui

ctrl shift + f1 → backto login page wtf

ctrl + alt → escape key in virt manager

Backup method

borgbase/vorta: Desktop Backup Client for Borg Backup

Vpn

用Wireguard做一個瀏覽特定域名才生效的VPN · Reguna

OpenWrt：Don’t VPN Everything! - Split Tunnel Your Traffic - Policy Based Routing

OPNsense：WireGuard Selective Routing to External VPN Endpoint

Keyboard layout (Traditional chinese)

Using Fcitx 5 on Wayland - Fcitx

Coding Linux:

basecamp/omakub: Opinionated Ubuntu Setup

89luca89/distrobox: Use any linux distribution inside your terminal. Enable both backward and forward compatibility with software and freedom to use whatever distribution you’re more comfortable with. Mirror available at: https://gitlab.com/89luca89/distrobox

any linux inside your terminal

  • dotfile for ubuntu linux (coding)

Gaming :

從Windows到Linux：VFIO及Looking Glass介紹 · Reguna

pufferffish/wireproxy: Wireguard client that exposes itself as a socks5 proxy

我都將屋企部PC轉左做arch 差唔多兩年，除左開唔到HDR之外其實九成半steam既game都係直接玩到，淨返半成轉下proton version 同睇下proton db基本上都行到

有啲rpg maker /唔係steam既game先要用window VM玩

雖然仲有window留低不過唔係debug同試野都唔開

bottlesdevs/Bottles: Run Windows software and games on Linux

Optimization

Virtualization Tuning and Optimization Guide | Red Hat Product Documentation

Virtualization Deployment and Administration Guide | Red Hat Product Documentation

Accounting in linux

ledger/ledger: Double-entry accounting system with a command-line reporting interface

Airdrop file sharing

localsend/localsend: An open-source cross-platform alternative to AirDrop

SnapDrop/snapdrop: A Progressive Web App for local file sharing

grishka/NearDrop: An unofficial Google Nearby Share/Quick Share app for macOS - google neardrop - same wifi network only

Rice , nice theme

v1ewp0rt/evilware-theme: SCI-FI SCIENTIST LINUX THEME

Pickup some newest great terminal apps

New Terminal Tools - Terminal Trove - jhspetersson/fselect: Find files with SQL-like queries

tl is an alias for tldr —list | fzf —preview ‘tldr {} —color always’ | xargs tldr

Python set up

Cheatsheet: pyenv, virtualenvwrapper, and pip

  • mac version

pacman -S pyenv yay -S pyenv-virtualenvwrapper pyenv virtualenvwrapper

eval “HOME/.virtualenvs source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh export PYENV_VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PREFER_PYVENV=“true”

switch to python version you want,

pyenv global 3.7.4 pyenv local 3.7.4

Create virtualenv (with virtualenvwrapper),

mkvirtualenv

  • it seems uv(rust python manager → fixed all the issue and fast as fuck)

Uvx

uv + ruff

python formatter + pipx(enhanced)

dprint/dprint: Pluggable and configurable code formatting platform written in Rust.

  • temrimnal format all in one

  • pyenv → zsh completion 2025-01-25

#compdef pyenv
if [[ ! -o interactive ]]; then
    return
fi
 
local state line
typeset -A opt_args
 
_arguments -C \
    {--help,-h}'[Show help]' \
    {--version,-v}'[Show pyenv version]' \
    '(-): :->command' \
    '*:: :->option-or-argument'
 
case "$state" in
    (command)
        local -a commands
        commands=(${(f)"$(pyenv commands)"})
        _describe -t commands 'command' commands
        ;;
    (option-or-argument)
        local -a args
        args=(${(f)"$(pyenv completions ${line[1]})"})
        _describe -t args 'arg' args
        ;;
esac
 
return

Mongo db connection

linux-job

Mouseless

moverest/wl-kbptr: Control the mouse pointer with the keyboard on Wayland. jbensmann/mouseless: A replacement for the mouse in Linux

  • go

jtroo/kanata: Improve keyboard comfort and usability with advanced customization

  • home row enable

wallpaper

dharmx/walls: All of my wallpapers in one repo.

font

subframe7536/maple-font: [Try V7!] Maple Mono: Open source monospace font with round corner, ligatures and Nerd-Font for IDE and command line. 带连字和控制台图标的圆角等宽字体，中英文宽度完美2:1

man page

man-db / man-db · GitLab

plp13/qman: A more modern man page viewer for our terminals

  • tealdear TERM=tmux-256color infocmp -1 | grep -E 'ritm|sitm' set -g default-terminal “tmux-256color” set -as terminal-overrides ’,*:sitm=\E[3m’

  • set font in vim set t_ZH=[3m set t_ZR=[23m

  • tl is an alias for tldr —list | fzf —preview ‘tldr {} —color always’ | xargs tldr

Disk

dundee/gdu: Fast disk usage analyzer with console interface written in Go

Site Generator

Static Site Generators - Top Open Source SSGs | Jamstack

Encoding utf8 , gkb

9.2. Using the convmv tool | Red Hat Product Documentation iconv —list convmv —list Supported Encodings

# traditonal
convmv -f cp950 -t UTF-8 -r --notest *
 
# simpified chinese
convmv -f cp935 -t UTF-8 -r --notest *
# cp 935
## --nosmart -> still do done it
## simpified chin could be cp936

en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8 UTF-8

sudo locale-gen

Set the system-wide locale in /etc/locale.conf:

For console support, edit /etc/default/console-setup and set:

text CHARMAP=“UTF-8”

Restart the console-setup service:

text sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl restart console-setup.service

and install font

flux for arch , redshift , wlsunset

gammastep-wayland-git [general] temp-day=5500 temp-night=4000 ; Disable the smooth fade between temperatures when Redshift starts and stops. ; 0 will cause an immediate change between screen temperatures. ; 1 will gradually apply the new screen temperature over a couple of seconds. fade=1 location-provider=manual adjustment-method=wayland dawn-time=8:00-9:45 dusk-time=18:35-20:15 gamma=0.8 [manual] lat=43.70011 lon=-79.4163 ; [randr] ; screen=0

FedeDP/Clight: A C daemon that turns your webcam into a light sensor. It will adjust screen backlight based on ambient brightness.

  • webcam → light sensor O_O

Installing ebook management and its cli:

sudo -v && wget -nv -O- https://download.calibre-ebook.com/linux-installer.sh | sudo sh /dev/stdin

Making web into desktop apps:

debtap Pake 的高级用法 · tw93/Pake Wiki

  • or just thorium install desktop

Adding monitor (ipad)

Gnome has made it super simple to extend your monitor as virtual displays with any tablet!!! : gnome

Thorium (fastest browser )

ThoriumOS Developer Guide Thorium Optimizations

ThoriumOS Developer Guide

--ozone-platform-hint=wayland --enable-features=WaylandPerSurfaceScale --disable-features=ScrollableTabStrip,Thorium2024 --flag-switches-end

  • this fix the adding desktop package

CachyOS

Reinstall the original pacman from Arch Linux: Terminal window

sudo pacman -S core/pacman

Execute the following command: Terminal window

This avoids getting %INSTALLED_DB% warnings

sudo find /var/lib/pacman/local/ -type f -name “desc” -exec sed -i ’/^%INSTALLED_DB%$/,+2d’ {} ;

Create a backup of the pacman config file: Terminal window

sudo mv /etc/pacman.conf.bak /etc/pacman.conf

Switch back to the default Arch Linux packages with the following commands: Terminal window

pacman -Qqn | sudo pacman -S - sudo pacman -Syu

  • currently using grub to config kernel
sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Optimizing Linux for Slow Computers | AkitaOnRails.com

It’s about Responsiveness, not performance! (for most user case)

SSD optimization: SSDOptimization - Debian Wiki

sudo sysctl -w vm.swappiness=50

  • however I am currently using zram, I don’t know wheather turn on or off

GitHub - orhun/systeroid: A more powerful alternative to sysctl(8) with a terminal user interface 🐧

1 → Ultra speed

System and Service Manager

checking :

cat /sys/block/DEVICE_NAME/queue/scheduler

  • systeroid-tui [options] → really useful

Sched-ext Tutorial

arighi (Andrea Righi) · GitHub arighi’s blog Accelerating micro-VM boot time with sched_ext

GitHub - arighivirtme-ng Quickly build and run kernels inside a virtualized snapshot of your live system

  • change kernals with speed in a virtualized snapshot

  • nvida engineer

  • disble ananicy(cpp)

rustland compiling kernel while gamming

  • check wheather kernel is using this or not cat /sys/kernel/sched_ext/state /sys/kernel/sched_ext/*/ops 2>/dev/null

-This guide explains how to use scx_loader with the dbus-send command.

  • Starting scx_rusty with its default arguments

    dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest=org.scx.Loader /org/scx/Loader org.scx.Loader.StartScheduler string:scx_rusty uint32:0

  • Starting a scheduler with arguments

    # This example starts scx_bpfland with the following flags: -k -c 0

dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest=org.scx.Loader /org/scx/Loader org.scx.Loader.StartSchedulerWithArgs string:scx_bpfland array:string:"-k","-c","0"

  • Stopping the currently running scheduler

    dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest=org.scx.Loader /org/scx/Loader org.scx.Loader.StopScheduler

  • Switching to another scheduler in Mode 2

    dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest=org.scx.Loader /org/scx/Loader org.scx.Loader.SwitchScheduler string:scx_lavd uint32:2

# This switches to scx_lavd with the scheduler mode 2 meaning it starts LAVD in powersaving

  • Switching to another scheduler with arguments

    dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest=org.scx.Loader /org/scx/Loader org.scx.Loader.SwitchSchedulerWithArgs string:scx_bpfland array:string:"-k","-c","0"

  • Getting the currently running scheduler

    dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest=org.scx.Loader /org/scx/Loader org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties.Get string:org.scx.Loader string:CurrentScheduler

    • Getting a list of the supported schedulers

      dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest=org.scx.Loader /org/scx/Loader org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties.Get string:org.scx.Loader string:SupportedSchedulers

scxschedsrust at main · sched-extscx · GitHub

  • explain each model pros and cons

lavd → producion ready and good for arm even

sched_ext a BPF-extensible scheduler class (Part 1) sched_ext scheduler architecture and interfaces (Part 2) mac-linux

system-boot:

bootctl

sudo bootctl status sudo bootctl set-default 2024-12-25_21-01-02_linux.conf sudo bootctl update Persistent block device naming - ArchWiki

ls -l /dev/disk/by-partuuid/

conf

Disk, finding replicates file

pkolaczk/fclones: Efficient Duplicate File Finder qarmin/czkawka: Multi functional app to find duplicates, empty folders, similar images etc.

Remote

  • Gametype:

LizardByte/Sunshine: Self-hosted game stream host for Moonlight. moonlight-stream/moonlight-qt: GameStream client for PCs (Windows, Mac, Linux, and Steam Link)

  • connection

Auto install optional dependencies

sudo pacman -S --needed --asdeps $(expac -Ss '%o' <pkg_name>)

I think this is better if one is using repos that may contain duplicate/similar entries(e.g. Chaotic AUR):

`sudo pacman -S —needed —asdeps $(expac -1S “%n\n%o” <pkg_name>)

clang

clang

Dealing with zombie

2025-02-06

Checking with kernel

GitHub - orhun/systeroid: A more powerful alternative to sysctl(8) with a terminal user interface 🐧

show information about a parameter

systeroid —explain oom_dump_tasks

replacing sysctl

system maintenace:

 
# This code is almost entirely taken from Mr. Cejas's blog: https://fernandocejas.com/blog/engineering/2022-03-30-arch-linux-system-maintance/
echo "Updating system"
yay -Syu
 
echo "Clearing pacman cache"
pacman_cache_space_used="$(du -sh /var/cache/pacman/pkg/)"
paccache -r
echo "Space saved: $pacman_cache_space_used"
 
echo "Removing orphan packages"
yay -Qdtq | yay -Rns -
 
echo "Clearing ~/.cache"
home_cache_used="$(du -sh ~/.cache)"
rm -rf ~/.cache/
echo "Spaced saved: $home_cache_used"
 
echo "Clearing system logs"
sudo journalctl --vacuum-time=7d

Great rice (not minimal)

end-4/dots-hyprland: i hate minimalism so…

using wev

wev to check keboard in hyprland: bindl = , XF86Launch5 , exec, playerctl —player=mpv play-pause

Yay

yay -S guix —noconfirm

sudo -E yay -S guix

The error message “The working directory cannot be longer than 36 bytes.” suggests that the build process is failing due to a path length restriction in the build system.

Solutions:

1. Move the Build Directory to a Shorter Path

Since the issue is with /home/peter/.cache/yay/guix/src/guix-1.4.0, try moving the build directory to a shorter path, such as /tmp/guix-build/.

mkdir -p /tmp/guix-build
cd /tmp/guix-build
yay -G guix   # Download PKGBUILD without building
cd guix
makepkg -si

This will build Guix in a shorter directory path.

2. Use the BUILDDIR Environment Variable

You can specify a custom directory for building packages by setting BUILDDIR in makepkg.conf:

  1. Open your makepkg.conf file: 
    nano /etc/makepkg.conf
  2. Look for BUILDDIR and change it to a shorter location: 
    BUILDDIR=/tmp/makepkg
  3. Save the file (Ctrl + X, then Y, then Enter).
  4. Try running the build again.

3. Build Manually Without yay

Since yay uses ~/.cache/yay/ (which results in long paths), you can manually build the package:

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/guix.git
cd guix
makepkg -si

This avoids the yay cache directory issue.

4. Use yay with a Custom Build Directory

If you want to keep using yay but avoid the path issue:

yay --builddir /tmp/yay-build -S guix

This tells yay to use /tmp/yay-build/ as the build directory.

Conclusion

The easiest fix is moving the build directory to a shorter path (e.g., /tmp/guix-build/). If you use yay, you can either modify makepkg.conf or run yay with the --builddir flag.

Let me know if you need more help! 🚀

C library

sudo ldconfig

Configure symlinks and cache for shared library dependencies. More information: https://manned.org/ldconfig.

Update symlinks and rebuild the cache (usually run when a new library is installed):

sudo ldconfig

ldd $(which sioyek) | grep mupdf

If downgrade doesn’t work, manually install the old package from the Arch Linux Archive.

Find the package here: 👉 https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/m/mupdf/

/Documents/Golden Mission

tracing which lib using this file

pacman -Qo /usr/lib/libmupdf.so.25.6

/usr/lib/libmupdf.so.25.6 is owned by libmupdf 1.25.6-1

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